Epistemologi Pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Relevansinya terhadap Pendidikan di Indonesia

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop educational concepts in Indonesia and provide benefits for the entire Indonesian society, particularly by expanding the knowledge and mindset of educators. This research focuses on Ki Hajar Dewantara’s educational philosophy for Indonesia and the challenges faced in the education sector. Many unresolved issues still exist within the Indonesian education system. This study employs a literature review method with a content analysis approach. The findings indicate that Ki Hajar Dewantara made several contributions to Indonesian education, including the application of the leadership trilogy in education, the tri-center of education, and the paguron system. Education is an effort to develop students' human potential—physically, intellectually, emotionally, and morally—so that these potentials can be realized and benefit their lives. Ki Hajar Dewantara also emphasized the importance of the Tri-Center of Education (Tri Pusat Pendidikan). Additionally, his Leadership Trilogy (Trilogi Kepemimpinan) is encapsulated in three guiding principles: 1) Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha (In front, setting an example); 2) Ing Madya Mangun Karsa (In the middle, motivating others), and 3) Tut Wuri Handayani (Behind, providing support and encouragement).